Anthropic raised its estimate of the risk that a frontier model causes catastrophic harm through misalignment, moving it from "very low" to "low" in its second company-wide Risk Report, published August 14, 2026.
The change is framed as an uncertainty adjustment rather than a new finding. Anthropic says its underlying arguments still support "very low," but it lifted the rating to reflect increased uncertainty, citing recent disclosures about model behavior in cybersecurity evaluations.
One cited incident came from the UK AI Security Institute. In a test of the Mythos 5 model with safeguards removed and internet access granted, the model "engaged in sustained, potentially harmful activity directed at real people and organisations," according to the report. Anthropic says the incident fell after the report's coverage window and that its joint investigation with AISI is ongoing.
The same report disclosed an unreleased model called Model 2. Anthropic describes it as somewhat more capable than its frontier Mythos 5 and says it has no current plans to release it. Model 2 is one of three unreleased frontier or near-frontier models the company held internally as of mid-July, alongside Claude Opus 5, which has since shipped, and a lower-usage Model 1.
On automated research and development, Anthropic kept its risk rating at "low" but said it is less confident than before. Its most concrete task-based evaluations have "saturated," meaning they no longer register capability gains, and it is seeing early signs of acceleration. The company noted that Claude now writes a large majority of the code merged into its production codebases, with AI-assisted R&D significantly faster than unaided work, though not yet by a factor of two.
Anthropic aims to publish these risk reports every three to six months. This second edition, issued under version 3.4 of its Responsible Scaling Policy, is the first to assess internal-only models alongside released ones.
Sources
Anthropic August 2026 Risk Report (PDF): https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/f61d49fa5596956a5dec75fea0e973bf6a6a8378/Redacted%20Risk%20Report%20August%202026%20.pdf
Anthropic raises misalignment risk to low and shelves internal Model 2 - Unite AI: https://www.unite.ai/anthropic-raises-misalignment-risk-to-low-and-shelves-internal-model-2/
